ROMFASTSQL/proxmox/lxc108-oracle/roa-windows-setup/docs/00-INSTALL-ORACLE-SE.md

Installing Oracle 21c Standard Edition on Windows

Overview

Oracle 21c Standard Edition 2 (SE2) is a licensed product for production use. Unlike Express Edition, SE has no resource limitations.

Feature	Express Edition	Standard Edition 2
License	Free	Paid (per socket)
CPU	2 threads max	Unlimited
RAM	2 GB max	Unlimited
User Data	12 GB max	Unlimited
Architecture	CDB only	CDB or non-CDB

For large ROA installations (50+ companies), SE2 is recommended.

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Download

1. Go to Oracle Database Downloads: https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/oracle-database-software-downloads.html

2. Download Oracle Database 21c for Windows x64

   • File: WINDOWS.X64_213000_db_home.zip (~2.9 GB)
   • Requires Oracle account

3. You will also need the Oracle Database license key

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System Requirements

Requirement	Minimum	Recommended
OS	Windows Server 2016+	Windows Server 2019/2022
RAM	8 GB	16 GB+
Disk	30 GB	100 GB+
CPU	4 cores	8+ cores

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Installation

Step 1: Extract ZIP

# Create Oracle Home directory first
mkdir C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1

# Extract directly to Oracle Home
Expand-Archive WINDOWS.X64_213000_db_home.zip -DestinationPath C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1

Step 2: Run Installer

1. Open Command Prompt as Administrator

2. Navigate to Oracle Home:

   cd C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1
   

3. Run setup:

   .\setup.exe
   

Step 3: Installation Wizard

1. Configuration Option

   • Select: Create and configure a single instance database
   • Click Next

2. System Class

   • Select: Server Class
   • Click Next

3. Database Edition

   • Select: Standard Edition 2
   • Click Next

4. Installation Type

   • Select: Typical Install (simpler)
   • Or Advanced Install for custom settings
   • Click Next

5. For Typical Install:

   • Oracle base: C:\app\oracle
   • Database file location: C:\app\oracle\oradata
   • Database edition: Standard Edition 2
   • Character set: WE8MSWIN1252 (for Romanian support)
   • Global database name: ROA
   • Password: romfastsoft
   • Uncheck: Create as Container database (for non-CDB)

6. Summary - Review and click Install

7. Installation Progress - Wait (~30-45 minutes)

8. Finish - Note connection information

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Non-CDB vs CDB Architecture

Non-CDB (Traditional - Recommended for ROA)

Single database, simpler administration:

+---------------------------+
|     Database: ROA         |
|  +---------------------+  |
|  | Schema: CONTAFIN    |  |
|  +---------------------+  |
|  | Schema: COMPANY1    |  |
|  +---------------------+  |
|  | Schema: COMPANY2    |  |
|  +---------------------+  |
+---------------------------+

Connection: system/romfastsoft@ROA

CDB (Multitenant)

Container with pluggable databases:

+---------------------------------------------+
|              CDB: ROA                       |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  |  CDB$ROOT                             |  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  |  ROAPDB1 - Application Data           |  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
+---------------------------------------------+

Connection: system/romfastsoft@ROAPDB1

Recommendation: Use non-CDB for compatibility with Oracle 10g migration scripts.

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Post-Installation Configuration

Verify Services Running

Get-Service Oracle* | Format-Table Name, Status, StartType

Expected services:

Service	Description
OracleServiceROA	Database instance
OracleOraDB21Home1TNSListener	TNS Listener
OracleVssWriterROA	VSS Writer for backups

Test Connection

# Set Oracle environment
$env:ORACLE_HOME = "C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1"
$env:ORACLE_SID = "ROA"
$env:PATH = "$env:ORACLE_HOME\bin;$env:PATH"

# Test connection
sqlplus system/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA

Configure for Old Client Compatibility

notepad C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1\network\admin\sqlnet.ora

Add:

SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8

Reload listener:

lsnrctl reload

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Create DMPDIR Directory

-- Connect as SYSDBA
sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

-- Create Windows directory
host mkdir C:\DMPDIR

-- Create Oracle DIRECTORY object
CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY DMPDIR AS 'C:\DMPDIR';
GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY DMPDIR TO PUBLIC;

-- Verify
SELECT directory_name, directory_path FROM dba_directories WHERE directory_name = 'DMPDIR';

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Configure Password Policy

sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

-- Modify DEFAULT profile
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME UNLIMITED;
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX UNLIMITED;
ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;

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Memory Configuration

For Standard Edition with 16GB RAM:

-- Connect as SYSDBA
sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

-- Check current settings
SHOW PARAMETER memory;
SHOW PARAMETER sga;
SHOW PARAMETER pga;

-- Configure memory (adjust based on available RAM)
ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_TARGET = 8G SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_MAX_TARGET = 10G SCOPE = SPFILE;

-- Restart database for changes
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP;

Recommended memory allocation:

RAM Available	MEMORY_TARGET	MEMORY_MAX_TARGET
8 GB	4 GB	6 GB
16 GB	8 GB	10 GB
32 GB	16 GB	20 GB

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Create ROA Tablespace

sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

-- Create tablespace
CREATE TABLESPACE ROA
  DATAFILE 'C:\app\oracle\oradata\ROA\roa01.dbf'
  SIZE 2G
  AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 512M
  MAXSIZE UNLIMITED;

-- Verify
SELECT tablespace_name, file_name, bytes/1024/1024 as MB
FROM dba_data_files
WHERE tablespace_name = 'ROA';

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Listener Configuration

Check listener.ora:

notepad C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1\network\admin\listener.ora

Should contain:

LISTENER =
  (DESCRIPTION_LIST =
    (DESCRIPTION =
      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    )
  )

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
  (SID_LIST =
    (SID_DESC =
      (GLOBAL_DBNAME = ROA)
      (ORACLE_HOME = C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1)
      (SID_NAME = ROA)
    )
  )

Check tnsnames.ora:

notepad C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1\network\admin\tnsnames.ora

Should contain:

ROA =
  (DESCRIPTION =
    (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = localhost)(PORT = 1521))
    (CONNECT_DATA =
      (SERVER = DEDICATED)
      (SERVICE_NAME = ROA)
    )
  )

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Enterprise Manager Database Express

Access EM Express:

https://localhost:5500/em/

If not configured, enable it:

sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

EXEC DBMS_XDB_CONFIG.SETHTTPPORT(5500);
EXEC DBMS_XDB_CONFIG.SETHTTPSPORT(5501);

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Troubleshooting

OracleServiceROA Not Starting

1. Check Oracle alert log:

   Get-Content C:\app\oracle\diag\rdbms\roa\ROA\trace\alert_ROA.log -Tail 100
   

2. Common issues:

   • Insufficient memory
   • Disk space
   • Port 1521 already in use

ORA-01034: ORACLE not available

Start the database manually:

sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> STARTUP;

ORA-12514: TNS listener does not know of service

# Register database with listener
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL> ALTER SYSTEM REGISTER;

# Check listener
lsnrctl status
lsnrctl services

Database Won't Shut Down

-- Force shutdown
SHUTDOWN ABORT;

-- Start clean
STARTUP;

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Backup Configuration (Recommended)

Enable Archivelog Mode

sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/ROA as sysdba

-- Check current mode
ARCHIVE LOG LIST;

-- If NOARCHIVELOG, enable:
SHUTDOWN IMMEDIATE;
STARTUP MOUNT;
ALTER DATABASE ARCHIVELOG;
ALTER DATABASE OPEN;

-- Verify
ARCHIVE LOG LIST;

Configure RMAN

rman target sys/romfastsoft@ROA

RMAN> CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 2;
RMAN> CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION ON;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP ON;
RMAN> CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 'C:\backup\%F';

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Next Steps

After Oracle SE installation:

1. Copy config.example.ps1 to config.ps1
2. Edit config.ps1:
   • Set $ORACLE_HOME = "C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhome_1"
   • Set $SERVICE_NAME = "ROA"
   • Set $DATAFILE_DIR = "C:\app\oracle\oradata\ROA"
3. Run 01-setup-database.ps1

See main README.md for complete workflow.

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Last Updated: 2026-01-28 Project: ROMFASTSQL - Oracle SE Installation Guide