989477f7a4
PowerShell scripts for setting up Oracle 21c/XE with ROA application: - Automated tablespace, user creation and imports - sqlnet.ora config for Instant Client 11g/ODBC compatibility - Oracle 21c read-only Home path handling (homes/OraDB21Home1) - Listener restart + 10G password verifier for legacy auth - Tested on VM 302 with CONTAFIN_ORACLE schema import Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
338 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
338 lines
7.4 KiB
Markdown
# Installing Oracle 21c Express Edition on Windows
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## Overview
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Oracle 21c Express Edition (XE) is free to use with the following limitations:
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- 2 CPU threads
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- 2 GB RAM for database
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- 12 GB user data
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For ROA installations with up to 50 companies, XE is sufficient.
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---
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## Download
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1. Go to Oracle XE Downloads:
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https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/xe-downloads.html
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2. Download **OracleXE213_Win64.zip** (~1.5 GB)
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- Requires Oracle account (free registration)
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3. Verify download integrity (optional):
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```powershell
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Get-FileHash OracleXE213_Win64.zip -Algorithm SHA256
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```
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---
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## System Requirements
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| Requirement | Minimum | Recommended |
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|-------------|---------|-------------|
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| OS | Windows 10/11, Server 2016+ | Windows Server 2019+ |
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| RAM | 4 GB | 8 GB |
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| Disk | 15 GB | 50 GB |
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| CPU | 2 cores | 4 cores |
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---
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## Installation
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### Step 1: Extract ZIP
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```powershell
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Expand-Archive OracleXE213_Win64.zip -DestinationPath C:\OracleXE_Install
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```
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### Step 2: Run Installer
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1. Open Command Prompt or PowerShell **as Administrator**
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2. Navigate to extracted folder:
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```powershell
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cd C:\OracleXE_Install\Disk1
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```
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3. Run setup:
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```powershell
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.\setup.exe
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```
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### Step 3: Installation Wizard
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1. **Welcome Screen** - Click Next
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2. **License Agreement** - Accept and click Next
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3. **Oracle Home Location**
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- Default: `C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE`
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- Keep default unless disk space is an issue
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4. **Database Passwords**
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- Enter password for SYS and SYSTEM: `romfastsoft`
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- Confirm password
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- **Important:** Remember this password!
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5. **Summary** - Review and click Install
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6. **Installation Progress** - Wait (~10-20 minutes)
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7. **Finish** - Note the connection information:
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- Multitenant container database: XE
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- Pluggable database: XEPDB1
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- EM Express URL: https://localhost:5500/em/
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---
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## Post-Installation Configuration
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### Verify Services Running
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Open Services (services.msc) and verify:
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| Service | Status | Startup Type |
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|---------|--------|--------------|
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| OracleServiceXE | Running | Automatic |
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| OracleOraDB21Home1TNSListener | Running | Automatic |
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Or via PowerShell:
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```powershell
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Get-Service Oracle* | Format-Table Name, Status, StartType
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```
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### Test Connection
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```powershell
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# Set Oracle environment
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$env:ORACLE_HOME = "C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE"
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$env:PATH = "$env:ORACLE_HOME\bin;$env:PATH"
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# Test connection to CDB
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sqlplus system/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE
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# Test connection to PDB (for applications)
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sqlplus system/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XEPDB1
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```
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Expected output:
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```
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Connected to:
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Oracle Database 21c Express Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
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Version 21.3.0.0.0
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SQL>
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```
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### Configure for Old Client Compatibility
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If using Instant Client 10/11 (ODBC), configure `sqlnet.ora`:
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```powershell
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# Edit sqlnet.ora
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notepad C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE\network\admin\sqlnet.ora
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```
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Add these lines:
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```
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SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8
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SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8
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```
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Reload listener:
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```powershell
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lsnrctl reload
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```
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---
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## CDB/PDB Architecture
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Oracle XE uses Container Database (CDB) architecture:
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```
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+---------------------------------------------+
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| CDB: XE |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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| | CDB$ROOT - System, SYS objects | |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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| | PDB$SEED - Template (read-only) | |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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| | XEPDB1 - Application Data (ROA) | |
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| +---------------------------------------+ |
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+---------------------------------------------+
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```
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| Container | Purpose | Connect To |
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|-----------|---------|------------|
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| XE (CDB$ROOT) | Administration, SYS | Admin only |
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| XEPDB1 | Application data | ROA applications |
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> **Important:** Always connect to **XEPDB1** for ROA operations, not XE!
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---
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## Verify PDB Status
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```sql
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-- Connect as SYSDBA
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sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE as sysdba
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-- Check PDB status
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SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
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-- Expected output:
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-- NAME OPEN_MODE
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-- --------- ----------
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-- PDB$SEED READ ONLY
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-- XEPDB1 READ WRITE
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```
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If XEPDB1 is MOUNTED (not READ WRITE):
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```sql
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ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 OPEN;
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ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 SAVE STATE;
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```
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---
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## Create DMPDIR Directory
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```sql
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-- Connect to PDB
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sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XEPDB1 as sysdba
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-- Create Windows directory
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host mkdir C:\DMPDIR
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-- Create Oracle DIRECTORY object
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CREATE OR REPLACE DIRECTORY DMPDIR AS 'C:\DMPDIR';
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GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY DMPDIR TO PUBLIC;
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-- Verify
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SELECT directory_name, directory_path FROM dba_directories WHERE directory_name = 'DMPDIR';
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```
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---
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## Configure Password Policy
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Disable password expiration for application users:
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```sql
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-- Connect to PDB
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sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XEPDB1 as sysdba
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-- Modify DEFAULT profile
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ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_LIFE_TIME UNLIMITED;
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ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_REUSE_TIME UNLIMITED;
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ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT PASSWORD_REUSE_MAX UNLIMITED;
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ALTER PROFILE DEFAULT LIMIT FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS UNLIMITED;
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-- Verify
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SELECT resource_name, limit FROM dba_profiles WHERE profile = 'DEFAULT' AND resource_type = 'PASSWORD';
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```
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---
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## Enterprise Manager Express
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Access EM Express web interface:
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```
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https://localhost:5500/em/
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```
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Login:
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- Username: system
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- Password: romfastsoft
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- Container: XEPDB1 (or leave empty for CDB)
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---
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## Memory Configuration
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Check current memory settings:
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```sql
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SHOW PARAMETER memory;
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SHOW PARAMETER sga;
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SHOW PARAMETER pga;
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```
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XE defaults (cannot exceed due to license):
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- SGA: 2 GB max
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- PGA: 2 GB max
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For better performance within limits:
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```sql
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-- Automatic memory management
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ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_TARGET = 2G SCOPE = SPFILE;
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ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_MAX_TARGET = 2G SCOPE = SPFILE;
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```
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---
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## Troubleshooting
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### OracleServiceXE Not Starting
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1. Check Windows Event Viewer for errors
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2. Verify disk space (need 15+ GB free)
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3. Check Oracle alert log:
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```powershell
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Get-Content C:\app\oracle\diag\rdbms\xe\XE\trace\alert_XE.log -Tail 50
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```
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### Cannot Connect to XEPDB1
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```sql
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-- Connect to CDB
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sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE as sysdba
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-- Check PDB status
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SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;
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-- Open if mounted
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ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 OPEN;
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ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 SAVE STATE;
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```
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### ORA-12514: TNS listener does not know of service
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```powershell
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# Check listener status
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lsnrctl status
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lsnrctl services
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# Restart listener
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lsnrctl stop
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lsnrctl start
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```
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### Uninstall Oracle XE
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If needed, run the universal installer in deinstall mode:
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```powershell
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C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE\deinstall\deinstall.bat
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```
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Or via Control Panel > Programs and Features.
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---
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## Next Steps
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After Oracle XE installation:
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1. Copy `config.example.ps1` to `config.ps1`
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2. Edit `config.ps1` with your settings
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3. Run `01-setup-database.ps1`
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See main `README.md` for complete workflow.
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---
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**Last Updated:** 2026-01-28
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**Project:** ROMFASTSQL - Oracle XE Installation Guide
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