ROMFASTSQL/proxmox/lxc108-oracle/roa-windows-setup/docs/00-INSTALL-ORACLE-XE.md

Installing Oracle 21c Express Edition on Windows

Overview

Oracle 21c Express Edition (XE) is free to use with the following limitations:

• 2 CPU threads
• 2 GB RAM for database
• 12 GB user data

For ROA installations with up to 50 companies, XE is sufficient.

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Download

1. Go to Oracle XE Downloads: https://www.oracle.com/database/technologies/xe-downloads.html

2. Download OracleXE213_Win64.zip (~1.5 GB)

   • Requires Oracle account (free registration)

3. Verify download integrity (optional):

   Get-FileHash OracleXE213_Win64.zip -Algorithm SHA256
   

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System Requirements

Requirement	Minimum	Recommended
OS	Windows 10/11, Server 2016+	Windows Server 2019+
RAM	4 GB	8 GB
Disk	15 GB	50 GB
CPU	2 cores	4 cores

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Installation

Step 1: Extract ZIP

Expand-Archive OracleXE213_Win64.zip -DestinationPath C:\OracleXE_Install

Step 2: Run Installer

1. Open Command Prompt or PowerShell as Administrator

2. Navigate to extracted folder:

   cd C:\OracleXE_Install\Disk1
   

3. Run setup:

   .\setup.exe
   

Step 3: Installation Wizard

1. Welcome Screen - Click Next

2. License Agreement - Accept and click Next

3. Oracle Home Location

   • Default: C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE
   • Keep default unless disk space is an issue

4. Database Passwords

   • Enter password for SYS and SYSTEM: romfastsoft
   • Confirm password
   • Important: Remember this password!

5. Summary - Review and click Install

6. Installation Progress - Wait (~10-20 minutes)

7. Finish - Note the connection information:

   • Multitenant container database: XE
   • Pluggable database: XEPDB1
   • EM Express URL: https://localhost:5500/em/

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Post-Installation Configuration

Verify Services Running

Open Services (services.msc) and verify:

Service	Status	Startup Type
OracleServiceXE	Running	Automatic
OracleOraDB21Home1TNSListener	Running	Automatic

Or via PowerShell:

Get-Service Oracle* | Format-Table Name, Status, StartType

Test Connection

# Set Oracle environment
$env:ORACLE_HOME = "C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE"
$env:PATH = "$env:ORACLE_HOME\bin;$env:PATH"

# Test connection to CDB
sqlplus system/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE

# Test connection to PDB (for applications)
sqlplus system/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XEPDB1

Expected output:

Connected to:
Oracle Database 21c Express Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0

SQL>

CDB/PDB Architecture

Oracle XE uses Container Database (CDB) architecture:

+---------------------------------------------+
|              CDB: XE                        |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  |  CDB$ROOT - System, SYS objects       |  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  |  PDB$SEED - Template (read-only)      |  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
|  |  XEPDB1 - Application Data (ROA)      |  |
|  +---------------------------------------+  |
+---------------------------------------------+

Container	Purpose	Connect To
XE (CDB$ROOT)	Administration, SYS	Admin only
XEPDB1	Application data	ROA applications

Important: Always connect to XEPDB1 for ROA operations, not XE!

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Verify PDB Status

-- Connect as SYSDBA
sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE as sysdba

-- Check PDB status
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;

-- Expected output:
-- NAME      OPEN_MODE
-- --------- ----------
-- PDB$SEED  READ ONLY
-- XEPDB1    READ WRITE

If XEPDB1 is MOUNTED (not READ WRITE):

ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 SAVE STATE;

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Ce NU trebuie făcut manual

Următoarele sunt create automat de scriptul 01-setup-database.ps1:

Component	Script
Tablespace ROA	01-setup-database.ps1
DMPDIR directory	01-setup-database.ps1
Password profile (UNLIMITED)	01-setup-database.ps1
User CONTAFIN_ORACLE	01-setup-database.ps1
sqlnet.ora (client vechi)	01-setup-database.ps1

NU rula manual comenzile SQL pentru acestea - scripturile le fac automat!

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Enterprise Manager Express

Access EM Express web interface:

https://localhost:5500/em/

Login:

• Username: system
• Password: romfastsoft
• Container: XEPDB1 (or leave empty for CDB)

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Memory Configuration

Check current memory settings:

SHOW PARAMETER memory;
SHOW PARAMETER sga;
SHOW PARAMETER pga;

XE defaults (cannot exceed due to license):

• SGA: 2 GB max
• PGA: 2 GB max

For better performance within limits:

-- Automatic memory management
ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_TARGET = 2G SCOPE = SPFILE;
ALTER SYSTEM SET MEMORY_MAX_TARGET = 2G SCOPE = SPFILE;

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Troubleshooting

OracleServiceXE Not Starting

1. Check Windows Event Viewer for errors
2. Verify disk space (need 15+ GB free)
3. Check Oracle alert log:

   Get-Content C:\app\oracle\diag\rdbms\xe\XE\trace\alert_XE.log -Tail 50
   

Cannot Connect to XEPDB1

-- Connect to CDB
sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XE as sysdba

-- Check PDB status
SELECT name, open_mode FROM v$pdbs;

-- Open if mounted
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 OPEN;
ALTER PLUGGABLE DATABASE XEPDB1 SAVE STATE;

ORA-12514: TNS listener does not know of service

# Check listener status
lsnrctl status
lsnrctl services

# Restart listener
lsnrctl stop
lsnrctl start

Uninstall Oracle XE

If needed, run the universal installer in deinstall mode:

C:\app\oracle\product\21c\dbhomeXE\deinstall\deinstall.bat

Or via Control Panel > Programs and Features.

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Post-Installation: Preventie ORA-12954 (OBLIGATORIU!)

Oracle XE are limita de 12 GB. Fara aceste setari, SYSAUX creste automat pana la limita (SQL Tuning Sets, audit trail).

Conecteaza-te la PDB-ul XEPDB1 ca SYS si ruleaza:

sqlplus sys/romfastsoft@localhost:1521/XEPDB1 as sysdba

-- 1. Dezactiveaza auto tasks care umfla SYSAUX
EXEC DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'sql tuning advisor', operation => NULL, window_name => NULL);
EXEC DBMS_AUTO_TASK_ADMIN.DISABLE(client_name => 'auto space advisor', operation => NULL, window_name => NULL);

-- 2. Dezactiveaza audit policies (umfla AUDSYS)
NOAUDIT POLICY ORA_SECURECONFIG;
NOAUDIT POLICY ORA_LOGON_FAILURES;

-- 3. AWR retention minim (8 zile - limita moving window baseline)
EXEC DBMS_WORKLOAD_REPOSITORY.MODIFY_SNAPSHOT_SETTINGS(retention => 8*24*60, interval => 60);
EXEC DBMS_STATS.ALTER_STATS_HISTORY_RETENTION(7);

-- 4. Grant DBMS_LOCK (necesar pentru PACK_UTILS_FILE)
GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.DBMS_LOCK TO CONTAFIN_ORACLE;

-- 5. Verificare
SELECT client_name, status FROM dba_autotask_client;
SELECT policy_name, enabled_option FROM audit_unified_enabled_policies;

IMPORTANT: Fara acesti pasi, baza de date va atinge limita de 12 GB in cateva luni! Vezi ../../clienti/oracle-xe-21c/depanare-ora-12954-spatiu.md pentru ghid complet de depanare.

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Post-Installation: Plafonul SYSTEM si cresterea SYS.INFO (OBLIGATORIU!)

Setarile de mai sus apara SYSAUX. SYSTEM are o problema separata, care a blocat deja doi clienti (SIGMA 03.08.2026, AUTOMOTIVE 08.08.2026): SYS.INFO — logul de login al ROA, creat de sql/sys-objects.sql — creste ~13.500 randuri (~2 MB) pe luna, scrise de SYS.pINFO din AUTH_PACK la fiecare conectare, si nu se purja niciodata.

Cand SYSTEM se umple, orice script de actualizare pica cu ORA-01653: unable to extend table SYS.INFO, indiferent ce contine — pentru ca AUTH_PACK scrie acolo la conectare. Simptomul arata a eroare de SQL, dar nu e.

Instalarile noi sunt acoperite: sys-objects.sql creeaza SYS.INFO in tablespace-ul ROA, iar scheduler-jobs.sql creeaza jobul SYS.SYSINFO_PURJARE_ZILNIC (03:30, retentie 90 zile). Plafonul lui SYSTEM ramane insa de ridicat manual, pentru ca dictionarul singur ocupa ~200 MB si unele instalari il plafoneaza la 600 MB:

-- ca SYSDBA, dupa crearea bazei; inlocuieste calea cu cea reala din dba_data_files
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE '<ORADATA>\SYSTEM.DBF' AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 50M MAXSIZE 2000M;

-- verificare
SELECT file_name, ROUND(bytes/1048576,2) mb, ROUND(maxbytes/1048576,2) max_mb, autoextensible
  FROM dba_data_files WHERE tablespace_name = 'SYSTEM';

Plafonul de 11/12 GB al editiei XE se aplica pe date utilizator — SYSTEM si SYSAUX nu intra la socoteala, deci ridicarea la 2000 MB nu apropie baza de limita.

La o instalare mai veche, unde SYS.INFO a ramas in SYSTEM, mutarea se face cu:

ALTER TABLE SYS.INFO MOVE TABLESPACE ROA LOB (INFO) STORE AS (TABLESPACE ROA);

Diagnosticul zilnic care prinde asta automat, pragurile lui si triajul alertelor: E:\proiecte\ROMFASTSQL\docs\diagnostic-spatiu-clienti.md.

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Gotchas Oracle XE 21c (Windows)

Problema	Solutie
ORA-02236: invalid file name la CREATE TABLESPACE	Specifica path complet: DATAFILE 'C:\...\ROA01.DBF'
ORA-00959: tablespace 'USERS' does not exist la impdp	Adauga remap_tablespace=USERS:ROA
ORA-00942 la GRANT pe DIRECTORY	Foloseste GRANT READ, WRITE ON DIRECTORY dir_name nu ON SYS.dir_name
PLS-00201: DBMS_LOCK must be declared	GRANT EXECUTE ON SYS.DBMS_LOCK TO CONTAFIN_ORACLE
ORA-65066 la ALTER USER SYSTEM pe PDB	SYSTEM e common user, modifica din CDB$ROOT
ORA-28000: account is locked la impdp cu SYSTEM	Foloseste SYS AS SYSDBA: impdp "sys/pass@XEPDB1 AS SYSDBA"
impdp AS SYSDBA nu functioneaza pe Windows	Pune in ghilimele: impdp "sys/pass@XEPDB1 AS SYSDBA"
ORA-13541 la AWR retention	Retention trebuie >= 8 zile (moving window baseline)

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Next Steps

After Oracle XE installation:

1. Copy config.example.ps1 to config.ps1
2. Edit config.ps1 with your settings
3. Run 01-setup-database.ps1
4. Run the post-installation prevention steps above!

See main README.md for complete workflow.

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Last Updated: 2026-03-24 Project: ROMFASTSQL - Oracle XE Installation Guide