# Architecture: Data Entry App

## Overview

Aplicatie separata pentru introducere date in ERP, cu workflow de aprobare si staging area inainte de sincronizare in Oracle.

## Decizii Arhitecturale

### 1. SQLModel + Alembic

**Alegere**: SQLModel (Pydantic + SQLAlchemy) cu Alembic pentru migrari

**Motivatie**:
- Creat de autorul FastAPI - integrare perfecta
- Un model = Pydantic + SQLAlchemy - nu duplici definitii
- Async support nativ
- Alembic - standard industrial pentru migrari
- Validare automata - Pydantic valideaza input, SQLAlchemy gestioneaza DB

**Alternative considerate**:
- SQLAlchemy pur: Mai verbose, necesita scheme Pydantic separate
- Tortoise ORM: Async nativ dar comunitate mai mica
- Peewee: Simplu dar fara async

### 2. Separare de Reports-App

**Alegere**: Aplicatie separata in `backend/modules/data_entry/`

**Motivatie**:
- Responsabilitati diferite: reports = read-only, data-entry = write
- Lifecycle diferit: data-entry poate avea releases mai frecvente
- Risc izolat: bug in data-entry nu afecteaza raportarile
- Scalare independenta

**Shared Components**:
- `shared/database/oracle_pool.py` - conexiune Oracle pentru nomenclatoare si autentificare
- `shared/auth/` - autentificare JWT comuna (middleware, routes factory, auth service)
- `shared/frontend/components/LoginView.vue` - UI login partajat
- `shared/frontend/stores/auth.js` - Pinia auth store factory
- `shared/frontend/styles/login.css` - stiluri login

### 3. Workflow cu Staging Area

**Alegere**: SQLite local ca staging, apoi sync in Oracle

**Motivatie**:
- Permite lucru offline (utilizator poate completa bonuri)
- Review de contabil inainte de date in Oracle
- Rollback simplu (stergem din SQLite)
- Audit trail complet

**Flow**:
```
User Input → SQLite (staging) → Contabil Review → Oracle (final)
```

### 4. Storage Fisiere

**Alegere**: Filesystem local cu referinte in DB

**Motivatie**:
- Simplu de implementat si backup
- Performanta buna pentru imagini
- Poate migra la S3/Azure Blob daca e nevoie

**Structura**:
```
data/uploads/
  {year}/
    {month}/
      {uuid}.{ext}
```

## Diagrama Componente

```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                        data-entry-app                           │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                                 │
│  ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐   │
│  │   Frontend   │────▶│   Backend    │────▶│   SQLite     │   │
│  │   Vue.js     │     │   FastAPI    │     │   (staging)  │   │
│  │   :3010      │     │   :8003      │     │              │   │
│  └──────────────┘     └──────┬───────┘     └──────────────┘   │
│        │                     │                                  │
│        │ OCR Upload          │ Nomenclatoare                    │
│        ▼                     ▼                                  │
│  ┌──────────────┐     ┌──────────────┐                         │
│  │  OCR Service │     │   Oracle     │                         │
│  │  PaddleOCR   │     │ (read-only)  │                         │
│  │  +Tesseract  │     └──────────────┘                         │
│  └──────────────┘                                               │
│                                                                 │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

## Model de Date

### Receipt (Bon Fiscal)

```
receipts
├── id (PK)
├── receipt_type: enum(bon_fiscal, chitanta)
├── direction: enum(cheltuiala, incasare)
├── receipt_number, receipt_series
├── receipt_date, amount, description
├── company_id, partner_id, partner_name
├── cash_register_id, cash_register_name
├── expense_type_code
├── status: enum(draft, pending_review, approved, rejected, synced)
├── created_by, created_at, updated_at
├── submitted_at, reviewed_by, reviewed_at
├── rejection_reason
└── oracle_synced_at, oracle_act_id, oracle_error
```

### ReceiptAttachment (Atasamente)

```
receipt_attachments
├── id (PK)
├── receipt_id (FK)
├── filename, stored_filename
├── file_path, file_size, mime_type
└── uploaded_at
```

### AccountingEntry (Note Contabile)

```
accounting_entries
├── id (PK)
├── receipt_id (FK)
├── entry_type: enum(debit, credit)
├── account_code, account_name
├── amount
├── partner_id, cost_center_id
├── is_auto_generated
└── modified_by, modified_at
```

## Workflow States

```
     ┌─────────┐
     │  DRAFT  │◀────────────────────┐
     └────┬────┘                     │
          │ submit()                 │ (edit after reject)
          ▼                          │
   ┌──────────────┐                  │
   │PENDING_REVIEW│──────────────────┤
   └──────┬───────┘                  │
          │                          │
    ┌─────┴─────┐                    │
    ▼           ▼                    │
┌────────┐  ┌────────┐              │
│APPROVED│  │REJECTED│──────────────┘
└────┬───┘  └────────┘    resubmit()
     │
     │ (Faza 2)
     ▼
  ┌──────┐
  │SYNCED│
  └──────┘
```

## Generare Note Contabile

### Algoritm

```python
def generate_entries(receipt):
    expense_type = EXPENSE_TYPES[receipt.expense_type_code]
    entries = []

    if expense_type.has_vat:
        net_amount = receipt.amount / Decimal('1.19')
        vat_amount = receipt.amount - net_amount

        # Cheltuiala (debit)
        entries.append(Entry(DEBIT, expense_type.account, net_amount))
        # TVA (debit)
        entries.append(Entry(DEBIT, "4426", vat_amount))
    else:
        entries.append(Entry(DEBIT, expense_type.account, receipt.amount))

    # Credit casa/banca
    entries.append(Entry(CREDIT, receipt.cash_register_account, receipt.amount))

    return entries
```

### Exemplu: Bon Benzina 200 RON

```
Debit  6022  Cheltuieli combustibil  168.07
Debit  4426  TVA deductibila          31.93
Credit 5311  Casa in lei             200.00
```

## Integrare Oracle (Faza 2)

### Proceduri Stocate

```sql
-- 1. Initializare
pack_contafin.init_scriere_act_rul_local()

-- 2. Insert linii
INSERT INTO ACT_TEMP (
    ID_ACT, DATAIREG, DATAACT, SCD, ASCD, SCC, ASCC,
    SUMA, ID_CTR, ID_PARTD, EXPLICATIA, ...
)

-- 3. Finalizare
pack_contafin.finalizeaza_scriere_act_rul()
  → SCRIE_IN_ACT()
  → SCRIE_IN_RUL()
  → Actualizare situatii (BV, BP, TVA)
```

## Securitate

### Autentificare
- JWT tokens din shared auth
- Middleware valideaza token si injecteaza user

### Autorizare
- Permisiuni verificate in services
- Utilizator poate edita doar bonurile proprii in DRAFT
- Doar contabil poate aproba/respinge

### Upload Fisiere
- Validare MIME type (whitelist)
- Sanitizare nume fisier
- Limita dimensiune (10MB)
- Stocare cu UUID (previne path traversal)

## Configuratie

### Environment Variables

```bash
# SQLite Database
SQLITE_DATABASE_PATH=data/receipts.db

# File Storage
UPLOAD_PATH=data/uploads
MAX_UPLOAD_SIZE=10485760  # 10MB

# Oracle (pentru nomenclatoare)
ORACLE_USER=CONTAFIN_ORACLE
ORACLE_PASSWORD=***
ORACLE_HOST=localhost
ORACLE_PORT=1526
ORACLE_SID=ROA

# JWT (shared)
JWT_SECRET_KEY=***
JWT_ALGORITHM=HS256
```

## OCR Processing Pipeline

### 5. OCR Architecture

**Alegere**: PaddleOCR (primar) + Tesseract (fallback), procesare 100% locala

**Motivatie**:
- Zero costuri externe (fara API-uri cloud)
- Procesare on-premise (date sensibile raman locale)
- PaddleOCR: acuratete ridicata, CPU-friendly
- Tesseract: suport excelent pentru diacritice romanesti

**Stack OCR**:
```
┌─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┐
│                   OCR Pipeline                       │
├─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┤
│                                                      │
│  Image Upload → ImagePreprocessor → OCREngine        │
│       │              │                  │            │
│       │              ▼                  ▼            │
│       │         ┌─────────┐      ┌──────────────┐   │
│       │         │ OpenCV  │      │ PaddleOCR    │   │
│       │         │ Pipeline│      │ (primary)    │   │
│       │         └─────────┘      └──────┬───────┘   │
│       │              │                  │            │
│       │              │           fallback│            │
│       │              │                  ▼            │
│       │              │           ┌──────────────┐   │
│       │              │           │ Tesseract    │   │
│       │              │           │ (ron+eng)    │   │
│       │              │           └──────────────┘   │
│       │              │                  │            │
│       ▼              ▼                  ▼            │
│  ┌──────────────────────────────────────────────┐   │
│  │           ReceiptExtractor (Regex)           │   │
│  │  - Amount patterns (TOTAL, DE PLATA)         │   │
│  │  - Date patterns (DD.MM.YYYY)                │   │
│  │  - CUI patterns (C.U.I., C.I.F.)             │   │
│  │  - Vendor extraction (first lines)           │   │
│  └──────────────────────────────────────────────┘   │
│                        │                             │
│                        ▼                             │
│              ExtractionResult + Confidence           │
│                                                      │
└─────────────────────────────────────────────────────┘
```

### Image Preprocessing Pipeline

```python
def preprocess(image):
    1. Convert to grayscale
    2. Resize if width < 1000px (upscale for better OCR)
    3. Deskew using Hough lines (straighten rotated text)
    4. Denoise (Non-local means denoising)
    5. Adaptive thresholding (binarization)
    6. Morphological close (connect broken characters)
    return processed_image
```

### Extraction Patterns (Romanian Receipts)

| Pattern Type | Regex Examples | Confidence |
|--------------|----------------|------------|
| Amount | `TOTAL\s*:?\s*([\d.,]+)` | 0.95 |
| Date | `(\d{2}[./]\d{2}[./]\d{4})` | 0.90 |
| CUI | `C\.?U\.?I\.?\s*:?\s*(\d{6,10})` | 0.95 |
| Receipt Number | `NR\.?\s*BON\s*:?\s*(\d+)` | 0.95 |
| Vendor | First 5 non-keyword lines | 0.70 |

### OCR API Endpoints

```
GET  /api/ocr/status                      # Check OCR availability
POST /api/ocr/extract                     # Extract from uploaded image
POST /api/ocr/extract-attachment/{id}     # Re-process existing attachment
```

### System Dependencies

```bash
# Ubuntu/Debian
apt-get install -y \
    tesseract-ocr tesseract-ocr-ron tesseract-ocr-eng \
    poppler-utils libgl1-mesa-glx libglib2.0-0
```

## Testing Strategy

### Unit Tests
- CRUD operations
- Workflow transitions
- Entry generation logic
- OCR extraction patterns

### Integration Tests
- API endpoints
- File upload/download
- Oracle nomenclature fetch
- OCR endpoint with sample receipts

### E2E Tests
- Complete workflow: create → submit → approve
- File upload cu preview
- OCR extraction → form auto-fill
